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DUKAS_12857862_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341a )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857863_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341c )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857864_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341b )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857865_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341f )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857866_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341d )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857867_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341e )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857868_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341g )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857869_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341j )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857870_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341i )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857871_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341h )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857872_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341k )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857873_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341l )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857875_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341m )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857876_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341n )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857877_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341q )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_12857878_REX
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
Mandatory Credit: Photo by Michael MacSweeney / Rex Features ( 1099341p )
Artisanal gold mine in Tonoir, southern Burkina Faso, West Africa - 2009
GOLD MINING IN BURKINO FASO
With international demand for gold having risen over the past year, this has seen a new explosion of artisanal (small-scale) mining taking place in the impoverished West African nation of Burkino Faso.
With a high number of people in the country, which sits between Ghana and Mali, struggling to get by gold mining is seen as a vital lifeline to many.
The gold mine at Tonoir is just one that has seemingly sprung up overnight as thousands of workers and their families join the gold rush.
With its haphazard and dangerous construction Tonoir is now home to an estimated 50,000 people.
The 'mine' is made up of numerous different shafts; some extend 20m under the surface, propped up with tree branches, as part of an elaborate tunnel system.
Each day workers descend into these shafts for up to four hours at a time, using primitive tools to hack out large rocks that are then hauled to the surface.
These rocks are broken down and then filtered through water troughs in order to obtain the tiny specs of gold.
Mercury is added to bind the gold together and the results are shipped off to be sold in markets in the capital city or further a field in Ghana or the Ivory Coast.
Generally, the same person owns all the mining sites in one region, with a licence to mine being granted by local authorities.
With no centralised control, conditions in the mines can vary widely, with little regulation and no real safety precautions making them a dangerous place for the miners and their families.
There is little or no protective clothing, either down the mine shaft, where chocking dust rules, or above ground where the mercury that is added to the gold can have harmful side effects.
Dynamite is also regular...
For more information visit http://www.rexfeatures.com/stacklink/EQPDSPEEA
DUKAS/REX -
DUKAS_17817883_SIP
NY: TUMBADOR CHOCOLATE FACTORY IN BROOKLYN
9 July 2009 - Brooklyn, New York, NY - Chocolates exit the enrobing machine with a fresh coating of chocolate at the Tumbador Chocolate factory in Brooklyn, NY. Tumbador Chocolate was founded in 2005 and has grown to a profitable company in that time. Their business model depends upon their product and not branding, allowing customers to place their name on on the packaging. They do much of the production in-house, including package design and packaging. Their chocolates are predominantly handmade, from the hand scooped clusters to the hand lined chocolate shells, later to be filled. Executive Pastry Chef Jean-Francois Bonnet, from the south of France, was a restaurant pastry chef before starting Tumbador Chocolate with CEO Michael Altman. Photo Credit: Philip Hall/Sipa Press/0907102128
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DUKAS_17817884_SIP
NY: TUMBADOR CHOCOLATE FACTORY IN BROOKLYN
9 July 2009 - Brooklyn, New York, NY - Freshly coated and topped chocolates travel down the conveyor belt towards the cooling tunnel at the Tumbador Chocolate factory in Brooklyn, NY. Tumbador Chocolate was founded in 2005 and has grown to a profitable company in that time. Their business model depends upon their product and not branding, allowing customers to place their name on on the packaging. They do much of the production in-house, including package design and packaging. Their chocolates are predominantly handmade, from the hand scooped clusters to the hand lined chocolate shells, later to be filled. Executive Pastry Chef Jean-Francois Bonnet, from the south of France, was a restaurant pastry chef before starting Tumbador Chocolate with CEO Michael Altman. Photo Credit: Philip Hall/Sipa Press/0907102130
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DUKAS_17817885_SIP
NY: TUMBADOR CHOCOLATE FACTORY IN BROOKLYN
9 July 2009 - Brooklyn, New York, NY - Assistant Orlando Guarneros places chocolates onto a tray after removing them from the conveyor belt after they exit the cooling tunnel at the Tumbador Chocolate factory in Brooklyn, NY. Tumbador Chocolate was founded in 2005 and has grown to a profitable company in that time. Their business model depends upon their product and not branding, allowing customers to place their name on on the packaging. They do much of the production in-house, including package design and packaging. Their chocolates are predominantly handmade, from the hand scooped clusters to the hand lined chocolate shells, later to be filled. Executive Pastry Chef Jean-Francois Bonnet, from the south of France, was a restaurant pastry chef before starting Tumbador Chocolate with CEO Michael Altman. Photo Credit: Philip Hall/Sipa Press/0907102130
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DUK10089022_019
REPORTAGE - Mehr als Gewürzinsel: Reiseziel Sansibar
Local culture - people at Jaws Corner, where local people discuss politics, Stone Town, Zanzibar Tanzania Africa (Photo by Sergi Reboredo/Sipa USA) *** Local Caption *** 22204041
(c) Dukas -
DUK10089022_040
REPORTAGE - Mehr als Gewürzinsel: Reiseziel Sansibar
Man with a two water melons next to the massive teak doors of one house in Stone Town s maze of narrow streets, Zanzibar, Tanzania. (Photo by Sergi Reboredo/Sipa USA) *** Local Caption *** 22204045
(c) Dukas -
DUK10089022_049
REPORTAGE - Mehr als Gewürzinsel: Reiseziel Sansibar
Local people and bicycle in one of Stone Town s maze of narrow streets, Zanzibar, Tanzania. (Photo by Sergi Reboredo/Sipa USA) *** Local Caption *** 22204042
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_055
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - A pictures of Presidential candidate Marine Le Pen is burned in Place de la R�publique on April 23, 2017. Clashes agains manifestants and police riot were held in iconic Place de la R�publique in Paris, after results of the Presidential polling were revealed in France, where far-right wing candidate, Marine Le Pen and central Emmanuel Macron will be facing each other on a second tour on May 7th (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_053
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Police riot cleared out Place de la R�publique minute afters clashes where held on April 23th, 2017. Clashes agains manifestants and police riot were held in iconic Place de la R�publique in Paris, after results of the Presidential polling were revealed in France, where far-right wing candidate, Marine Le Pen and central Emmanuel Macron will be facing each other on a second tour on May 7th (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_057
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Tear gas was thrown to manifestants in Place de la R�publique on April 23th, 2017. Clashes agains manifestants and police riot were held in iconic Place de la R�publique in Paris, after results of the Presidential polling were revealed in France, where far-right wing candidate, Marine Le Pen and central Emmanuel Macron will be facing each other on a second tour on May 7th (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_059
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - A person throwing things to Police during clashes in Place de la R�publique on April 23th, 2017. Clashes agains manifestants and police riot were held in iconic Place de la R�publique in Paris, after results of the Presidential polling were revealed in France, where far-right wing candidate, Marine Le Pen and central Emmanuel Macron will be facing each other on a second tour on May 7th (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_054
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Police riot cleared out Place de la R�publique minute afters clashes where held on April 23th, 2017. Clashes agains manifestants and police riot were held in iconic Place de la R�publique in Paris, after results of the Presidential polling were revealed in France, where far-right wing candidate, Marine Le Pen and central Emmanuel Macron will be facing each other on a second tour on May 7th (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_056
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Police riot cleared out Place de la R�publique minute afters clashes where held on April 23th, 2017. Clashes agains manifestants and police riot were held in iconic Place de la R�publique in Paris, after results of the Presidential polling were revealed in France, where far-right wing candidate, Marine Le Pen and central Emmanuel Macron will be facing each other on a second tour on May 7th (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_052
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Police riot cleared out Place de la R�publique minute afters clashes where held on April 23th, 2017. Clashes agains manifestants and police riot were held in iconic Place de la R�publique in Paris, after results of the Presidential polling were revealed in France, where far-right wing candidate, Marine Le Pen and central Emmanuel Macron will be facing each other on a second tour on May 7th (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_058
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Police Riot closing a main street through place de la R�publique on April 23, 2017. Clashes agains manifestants and police riot were held in iconic Place de la R�publique in Paris, after results of the Presidential polling were revealed in France, where far-right wing candidate, Marine Le Pen and central Emmanuel Macron will be facing each other on a second tour on May 7th (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_013
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Anti-fascists clash with police forces as they demonstrate in Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_007
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Anti-fascists clash with police forces as they demonstrate in Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_002
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Anti-fascists clash with police forces as they demonstrate in Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_009
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Anti-fascists clash with police forces as they demonstrate in Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_008
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Anti-fascists clash with police forces as they demonstrate in Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_014
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - A wounded demonstrator lies on the ground during a demonstration called by anti-fascists in Paris on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election. Centrist Emmanuel Macron finished ahead of far-right leader Marine Le Pen on Sunday to qualify alongside her for the runoff in France's presidential election, initial projections (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_004
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - A wounded demonstrator lies on the ground during a demonstration called by anti-fascists in Paris on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election. Centrist Emmanuel Macron finished ahead of far-right leader Marine Le Pen on Sunday to qualify alongside her for the runoff in France's presidential election, initial projections (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_012
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Chaos ensues as protests erupt near Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_006
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Anti-fascists clash with police forces as they demonstrate in Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_005
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Anti-fascists clash with police forces as they demonstrate in Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_003
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Anti-fascists clash with police forces as they demonstrate in Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_018
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Anti-fascists clash with police forces as they demonstrate in Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_019
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Anti-fascists clash with police forces as they demonstrate in Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_010
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Chaos ensues as protests erupt near Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_016
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Anti-fascists clash with police forces as they demonstrate in Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_020
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Anti-fascists clash with police forces as they demonstrate in Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_029
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Anti-fascists clash with police forces as they demonstrate in Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_060
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - French anti-riot police forces stand at attention as anti-fascists demonstrate in Paris on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election. Centrist Emmanuel Macron finished ahead of far-right leader Marine Le Pen on Sunday to qualify alongside her for the runoff in France's presidential election, initial projections suggested (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_021
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Chaos ensues as protests erupt near Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote.(Photo by Julien Mattia/NurPhoto (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
DUK10059036_046
NEWS - Wahlen in Frankreich: Mehrere Verletzte nach Ausschreitungen in Paris
April 23, 2017 - Paris, France - Anti-fascists clash with police forces as they demonstrate in Place de la Bastille and Place de la Republique in Paris, on April 23, 2017 following the announcement of the results of the first round of the Presidential election with Marien Le Pen in head of the vote (FOTO: DUKAS/ZUMA)
(c) Dukas -
